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Bomb Threat Stand-Off Distances
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| Threat Description |
Explosives Capacity1
(TNT Equivalent) |
Building Evacuation
Distance2
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Outdoor Evacuation
Distance3 |
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Pipe Bomb |
5 LBS/
2.3 KG |
70 FT/
21 M |
850 FT/
259 M |
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Briefcase/
Suitcase Bomb |
50 LBS/
23 KG |
150 FT/
46 M |
1,850 FT/
564 M |
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Compact Sedan |
500 LBS/
227 KG |
320 FT/
98 M |
1,500 FT/
457 M |
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Sedan |
1,000 LBS/
454 KG |
400 FT/
122 M |
1,750 FT/
534 M |
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Passenger/
Cargo Van |
4,000 LBS/
1,814 KG |
640 FT/
195 M |
2,750 FT/
838 M |
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Small Moving Van/
Delivery Truck |
10,000 LBS/
4,536 KG |
860 FT/
263 M |
3,750 FT/
1,143 M |
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Moving Van/
Water Truck |
30,000 LBS/
13,608 KG |
1,240 FT/
375 M |
6,500 FT/
1,982 M |
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Semi-Trailer |
60,000 LBS/
27,216 KG |
1,500 FT/
457 M |
7,000 FT/
2,134 M |
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This table is for general emergency planning only. A given building’s vulnerability to explosions depends on its construction and composition. The data in these tables may not accurately reflect these variables. Some risk will remain for any persons closer than the Outdoor Evacuation Distance.
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A. Preferred area (beyond this line) for evacuation of people in buildings and mandatory for people outdoors.
B. All personnel in this area should seek shelter immediately inside a building away from windows and exterior walls. Avoid having anyone outside—including those evacuating—in this area.4
C. All personnel must evacuate (both inside of buildings and out). |
1: Based on maximum volume or weight of explosive (TNT equivalent) that could reasonably fit in a suitcase or vehicle.
2: Governed by the ability of typical US commercial construction to resist severe damage or collapse following a blast. Performances can vary significantly, however, and buildings should be analyzed by qualified parties when possible.
3: Governed by the greater of fragment throw distance or glass breakage/falling glass hazard distance. Note that pipe and briefcase bombs assume cased charges that throw fragments farther than vehicle bombs.
4: A known terrorist tactic is to attract bystanders to windows, doorways, and the outside with gunfire, small bombs, or other methods and then detonate a larger, more destructive device, significantly increasing human casualties.
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